John 2 in plain modern English. New Ground English Translation.
Time Period
~AD 30, early in Jesus' public ministry
Location
Cana in Galilee and Jerusalem
Audience
Jewish Christians and God-fearers in Ephesus or Asia Minor
Situation
Jesus attends a wedding in Cana, Galilee, where he turns water into wine as his first miracle, revealing his glory to his disciples. He then travels to Jerusalem for Passover and cleanses the temple by driving out merchants and money changers.
Key Background
Jewish wedding feasts typically lasted several days, with abundant wine symbolizing joy and divine blessing; exhaustion of supplies was a major social embarrassment. The Jerusalem temple's outer courts had become commercial spaces for animal sales and currency exchange at exploitative rates, corrupting worship. Jesus' actions foreshadow his authority over the temple (seen as his body) and critique religious hypocrisy, fulfilling messianic expectations.
Two days later, there was a in a town in the region, and Jesus' mother was there.
Jesus and his had also been invited to the wedding.
When the ran out, Jesus' mother told him, "They have no more
Jesus said to her, why are you this to me? My hasn't come yet."
His mother told the "Whatever he tells you to do, do it."
Now there were six sitting there, the kind used for Jewish Each one held about twenty to thirty gallons.
Jesus told them, "Fill the jars with water." So they filled them right to the top.
Then he said, "Now draw some out and take it to the of So they did.
When the master of ceremonies tasted the water that had been turned into wine, he had no idea where it had come from — though the servants who had drawn the water knew. He called the groom over
and said, "Everyone else serves the first, and then brings out the cheaper stuff after people have had plenty to drink. But you've saved the for now!"
This was Jesus' first done in Cana in the Galilee region. It was a of who he really was, and his followers their in him.
After this, Jesus went down to with his mother, his brothers, and his followers, and they stayed there for a few days.
The Jewish celebration was coming up, so Jesus traveled up to
In the he found people selling cattle, sheep, and doves, and others sitting at tables
So he made a out of cords and drove everyone out of the temple courts — the sheep and the cattle too. He scattered the money changers' coins and flipped over their tables.
To the dove sellers he said, "Get these out of here! Stop turning my into a
His followers remembered that the Scripture said, for your house will me."
The confronted him: "What can you show us to prove you have the right to do this?"
Jesus answered them, "Tear down this and I will it up in three days."
The Jewish leaders shot back, "It took to build this temple, and you're going to raise it in three days?"
But the he was talking about was his own
So after he was from the his followers remembered that he had said this. And they the Scripture and the words Jesus had spoken.
While Jesus was in Jerusalem for the Passover festival, many people saw the miraculous signs he was performing and put their trust in his
But Jesus didn't himself to them, because he understood human nature all too well.
He didn't need anyone to tell him what people were really like. He already what was on them.